Integrating transcriptomics and behavior tests reveals how the C. elegans responds to copper induced aging

Area of Science:

• Environmental Toxicology
• Molecular Biology
• Gerontology

Background:

• Copper (Cu) pollution is a global environmental concern affecting water and soil.
• Understanding copper's health impacts at environmentally relevant concentrations is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the health effects of copper exposure on Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) at 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L.
• To explore the molecular mechanisms underlying copper-induced aging and reproductive toxicity in C. elegans.

Main Methods:

• Lifespan, reproduction, and aging-related biological markers (ROS, MDA, H2O2) were assessed in C. elegans.
• Transcriptome analysis (RNA sequencing) was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
• KEGG pathway analysis was used to elucidate molecular pathways affected by copper.

Main Results:

• Copper exposure at 1 mg/L and 2 mg/L significantly shortened C. elegans lifespan and reduced reproductive capacity.
• Copper exposure increased levels of aging markers (ROS, MDA, H2O2) and altered aging-related behaviors.
• Differential gene expression revealed significant changes in genes related to cuticle collagen synthesis (col genes) and yolk expression (vit genes), impacting longevity regulation pathways.

Conclusions:

• Environmentally relevant doses of copper promote aging and reproductive toxicity in C. elegans.
• Copper exposure disrupts key molecular pathways, including those regulating longevity, cuticle integrity, and yolk production.
• Transcriptome analysis provides deep insights into the health hazards of copper pollution.