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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Creation of Cardiac Tissue Exhibiting Mechanical Integration of Spheroids Using 3D Bioprinting
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Towards engineering heart tissues from bioprinted cardiac spheroids.

Liudmila Polonchuk1, Lydia Surija2, Min Ho Lee2

  • 1F Hoffmann-La Roche AG Research and Development Division, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Grenzacherstrasse 124, Basel, Basel-Stadt CH-4070, Switzerland.

Biofabrication
|July 15, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study biofabricates advanced human heart tissues using cardiac spheroids (CSs) for improved in vitro testing. These bioprinted CSs offer a viable model for studying heart tissue functions and drug responses.

Keywords:
VEGFbioinksbioprintingcardiac physiologyfusionspheroidsvascularization

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Current in vivo and in vitro models inadequately replicate the human heart's microenvironment.
  • There is a need for advanced in vitro models for accurate biomedical applications and drug testing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the use of cardiac spheroids (CSs) for biofabricating advanced in vitro models of the human heart.
  • To assess the viability, functionality, and potential for drug testing of these engineered heart tissues.

Main Methods:

  • Cardiac spheroids (CSs) were created from human cardiac myocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells (ECs).
  • Cells were encapsulated in alginate/gelatin hydrogels and bioprinted onto a microelectrode plate.
  • Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was utilized to promote EC branching and spheroid fusion.

Main Results:

  • Bioprinted CSs maintained structural integrity and viability for over 30 days.
  • VEGF addition enhanced EC branching and facilitated spheroid fusion within the hydrogels.
  • The engineered heart tissues exhibited spontaneous and stimulated contractions, enabling signal recording on microelectrode plates.

Conclusions:

  • Bioprinted cardiac spheroids provide a robust platform for long-term in vitro testing of human heart tissue.
  • This advanced model holds potential for studying biochemical, physiological, and pharmacological properties of cardiac tissue.
  • The developed model is suitable for industrial applications, including drug screening and disease modeling.