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    Area of Science:

    • Ultrafast optics
    • Coherent diffractive imaging
    • Nonlinear optics

    Background:

    • Characterizing ultrafast laser pulses is crucial for many scientific applications.
    • Existing methods for analyzing complex pulse trains can be cumbersome and time-consuming.
    • Dispersion scan (d-scan) is a valuable technique, but retrieving information from multi-pulse scenarios remains challenging.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel phase retrieval algorithm for dispersion scan (d-scan).
    • To enable simultaneous characterization of multiple mutually-incoherent ultrafast pulses within a single pulse train.
    • To address limitations in current pulse measurement techniques, particularly the square root problem.

    Main Methods:

    • A phase retrieval algorithm inspired by ptychography was developed.
    • The algorithm, termed root preserving ptychographic algorithm (RPPA), incorporates a Newton's method approach.
    • Simulations and experimental d-scan traces were used for validation.

    Main Results:

    • The RPPA successfully retrieved phase information from both single-mode and multi-mode d-scan traces.
    • The algorithm demonstrated accuracy and robustness in characterizing multiple simultaneous pulses.
    • The method effectively solved the square root problem in second harmonic pulse measurements.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed RPPA offers a powerful new tool for ultrafast pulse characterization.
    • This algorithm allows for simultaneous analysis of complex pulse structures from a single measurement.
    • RPPA advances the capabilities of dispersion scan techniques in optical sciences.