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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Fabrication of Low Temperature Carbon Nanotube Vertical Interconnects Compatible with Semiconductor Technology
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High-accuracy room temperature planar absolute radiometer based on vertically aligned carbon nanotubes.

Anna K Vaskuri, Michelle S Stephens, Nathan A Tomlin

    Optics Express
    |July 16, 2021
    PubMed
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    A new planar absolute radiometer for room temperature (PARRoT) significantly improves laser power measurement uncertainty at NIST. This advanced detector offers a 0.13% uncertainty, a substantial upgrade from previous standards.

    Area of Science:

    • Metrology
    • Optical Engineering
    • Radiometry

    Background:

    • The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) requires precise laser power measurement standards.
    • Legacy C-series calorimeters have been the standard but possess limitations in measurement uncertainty.
    • Advancements in detector technology necessitate updated standards for continuous-wave (CW) laser power detection.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To introduce and validate the Planar Absolute Radiometer for Room Temperature (PARRoT) as the new NIST standard for free-space CW laser power detection.
    • To significantly reduce the measurement uncertainty compared to the existing C-series calorimeter.
    • To ensure traceability and high accuracy in laser power measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of the PARRoT instrument, a novel planar absolute radiometer designed for room temperature operation.

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  • Validation of PARRoT's performance through comparative measurements against a transfer standard silicon trap detector.
  • Cross-validation of PARRoT against the legacy C-series calorimeter to assess performance improvements.

    • Main Results:

    • The PARRoT instrument achieved a combined relative expanded measurement uncertainty (k=2) of 0.13%, a substantial reduction from the previous 0.84%.
    • Comparisons with a transfer standard silicon trap detector (traceable to the primary standard Laser Optimized Cryogenic Radiometer - LOCR) showed agreement better than 0.008%.
    • Agreement with the C-series calorimeter was found to be better than 0.05% on average.

    Conclusions:

    • PARRoT is a highly accurate and reliable successor to the C-series calorimeter for NIST's free-space CW laser power detection standard.
    • The achieved uncertainty reduction demonstrates a significant advancement in laser power metrology.
    • The validation confirms PARRoT's suitability for maintaining high-accuracy standards in optical power measurements.