Design and manufacture of miniaturized immersed imaging spectrometer for remote sensing

A miniaturized immersed imaging spectrometer possessing long slit and large relative aperture is proposed. It is integrated monolithically with three concentric optical components. Through the chief ray tracing, we analyzed its astigmatism characteristic and then deduced the anastigmatic condition for long slit. Meanwhile, it is athermal by matching the suitable lens materials to compensate thermal defocus. Based on the anastigmatic and athermal conditions, we have designed a miniaturized VNIR immersed imaging spectrometer and developed the prototype. Its slit is 48 mm long and it is optically fast with an F-number of 2.5. The new form shows about 12 times smaller in volume than the classic Offner-Chrisp imaging spectrometer and weighs only 2 kg, and has excellent thermal adaptability while temperature changes between -40 °C and 60 °C. Meanwhile, fabrication of core elements and gluing process of the immersed imaging spectrometer are presented. Test results of the prototype show superior performance with high imaging quality and small smile and keystone distortions. Such miniaturized immersed imaging spectrometer will greatly improve the performance and reduce the costs of wide swath hyperspectral remote sensing, and is desirable for usage on small plane or satellite platforms.