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NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

20 mJ, 1 ps Yb:YAG Thin-disk Regenerative Amplifier
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Frequency-doubled Nd:YAG MOPA laser system with programmable rectangular pulses up to 200 microseconds.

Maximilian Beyer, Jack C Roth, Eustace Edwards

    Optics Express
    |July 16, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser system generates programmable microsecond pulses with high energy and stability. This compact system offers precise control for advanced laser applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Lasers and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Diode-pumped solid-state lasers are crucial for various scientific applications.
    • Nd:YAG lasers offer excellent performance but require precise pulse shaping for specific applications.
    • Master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) configurations enhance laser output characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a compact, frequency-doubled diode-pumped Nd:YAG laser system.
    • To achieve programmable microsecond pulse lengths with high energy and stability.
    • To explore its potential as a pump source for tunable, high-power radiation.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized analog pulse shaping on a single-frequency continuous-wave Nd:YAG oscillator.
    • Employed a master-oscillator power-amplifier (MOPA) architecture for amplification.
    • Implemented second harmonic generation (SHG) using a Lithium Triborate (LBO) crystal.

    Main Results:

    • Generated temporally flat-top 1064 nm pulses (520 mJ, 2.6 kW peak power, 200 μs duration, <10 kHz linewidth) at 2 Hz.
    • Achieved 532 nm pulses (262 mJ, 1.3 kW peak power) via SHG with a beam quality factor M²=1.41.
    • Demonstrated high peak power stability (2.9%) and long-term intensity stability (1.1%).

    Conclusions:

    • The developed Nd:YAG MOPA laser system provides programmable microsecond pulses with excellent energy and stability.
    • The system's output is suitable for pumping other laser systems to generate tunable, high-power radiation.
    • Potential applications include precision measurements and laser cooling techniques.