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Related Concept Videos

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

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Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
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π Electron Effects on Chemical Shift: Overview01:27

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An applied magnetic field causes loosely bound π-electrons in organic molecules to circulate, producing a local or induced diamagnetic field over a large spatial volume. As the molecules tumble in solution, the field generated by π-electrons in spherical substituents results in a zero net field. However, the net field generated by π-electrons in non-spherical substituents is not zero. The effect of this induced field depends on the orientation of the molecule with respect to B0,...
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¹H NMR: Complex Splitting01:13

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A proton M that is coupled to a proton X results in doublet signals for M. However, NMR-active nuclei can be simultaneously coupled to more than one nonequivalent nucleus. When M is coupled to a second proton A, such as in styrene oxide, each peak in the doublet is split into another doublet.
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According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
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The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
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Atomic emission spectroscopy (AES) is an analytical technique used to determine the elemental composition of a sample by analyzing the light emitted from excited atoms. In AES, atoms in a sample are excited to higher energy levels by thermal energy from high-temperature sources, such as plasma, arcs, or sparks. When these excited atoms return to lower energy states, they emit light at specific wavelengths characteristic of each element. The resulting atomic emission spectrum, which consists of...
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Scattering And Absorption of Light in Planetary Regoliths
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Angular selectivity based on a double-resonance periodic array of scatterers.

Lin Zhou, Zhongxiang Shen

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    |July 16, 2021
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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a double-resonance periodic array for angular selectivity. The designed scatterer array achieves bandpass and band-stop resonances, enabling selective wave transmission based on incidence angle.

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    Area of Science:

    • Electromagnetics and Wave Phenomena
    • Metamaterials and Metasurfaces
    • Antenna and Microwave Engineering

    Background:

    • Angular selectivity is crucial for controlling wave propagation in various applications.
    • Traditional methods for achieving angular selectivity can be complex and limited in performance.
    • Periodic arrays offer a promising platform for novel electromagnetic responses.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a double-resonance periodic array for achieving high angular selectivity.
    • To design a structure that exhibits distinct transmission characteristics for normal and oblique incidences.
    • To validate the design through simulations and experimental measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • A double-resonance periodic array composed of two stacked scatterer layers with an air spacer was designed.
    • The scatterer's structure and dimensions were optimized to achieve specific resonant behaviors.
    • Electromagnetic simulations were performed to analyze the array's response.
    • Experimental measurements were conducted on a fabricated 10 GHz sample for TE-polarized waves.

    Main Results:

    • The designed periodic array exhibited both bandpass and band-stop resonances at the same frequency.
    • Excellent angular selectivity was achieved, with high transmission for normal incidence and low transmission for oblique incidence.
    • Simulated and measured results demonstrated good agreement, confirming the design's effectiveness.
    • The structure showed high transmission under normal incidence and suppressed transmission under large oblique angles.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed double-resonance periodic array effectively achieves angular selectivity.
    • This design offers a novel approach for controlling electromagnetic wave transmission based on incidence angle.
    • The findings have potential applications in filtering, sensing, and advanced electromagnetic devices.