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Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Waves01:07

Propagation of Waves

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When a wave propagates from one medium to another, part of it may get reflected in the first medium, and part of it may get transmitted to the second medium. In such a case, the interface of the two mediums can be considered as a boundary that is neither fixed nor free.
Consider a scenario where a wave propagates from a string of low linear mass density to a string of high linear mass density. In such a case, the reflected wave is out of phase with respect to the incident wave, however the...
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Interference is a characteristic phenomenon exhibited by waves. When two electromagnetic waves interact with their peaks and troughs coinciding, a resulting wave with enhanced amplitude is produced. This is known as constructive interference. In this case, the two waves interacting are in phase with each other.
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Electromagnetic waves are consistent with Ampere's law. Assuming there is no conduction current Ampere's law is given as:
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The nature of light has been a subject of inquiry since antiquity. In the seventeenth century, Isaac Newton performed experiments with lenses and prisms and was able to demonstrate that white light consists of the individual colors of the rainbow combined together. Newton explained his optics findings in terms of a "corpuscular" view of light, in which light was composed of streams of extremely tiny particles traveling at high speeds according to Newton's laws of motion. 
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Electromagnetic waves can travel in the vacuum as well as in matter. For example light, which is an electromagnetic wave, can travel through air, water, or glass.
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A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
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Superluminal light propagation in a normal dispersive medium.

Zahra Amini Sabegh, Mohammad Mahmoudi

    Optics Express
    |July 16, 2021
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study explores how Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams propagate in dispersive media. Researchers found that LG beams can achieve superluminal (faster-than-light) propagation in certain conditions, potentially advancing optical communications.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Wave Propagation

    Background:

    • Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) beams possess unique helical phase fronts and doughnut-like intensity profiles.
    • Understanding light propagation in dispersive media is crucial for optical technologies.
    • Quantum systems offer novel ways to control light-matter interactions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the group velocity of Laguerre-Gaussian beams in dispersive media.
    • To analyze the influence of the LG beam's intensity profile and helical phase on its group velocity.
    • To explore the phenomenon of gain-assisted superluminal light propagation.

    Main Methods:

    • Analytical derivation of group velocity expressions for LG beams.
    • Numerical simulations of beam propagation in a four-level double V-type quantum system.

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  • Comparison of group velocity on and off the optical axis.

    • Main Results:

    • An analytical expression for the group velocity of LG beams was derived.
    • The group velocity vector aligns with the optical axis at the beam's waist and Rayleigh range.
    • Gain-assisted superluminal propagation of LG beams was observed in a normal dispersive medium.

    Conclusions:

    • The helical phase front distortion of LG beams leads to superluminal propagation.
    • This phenomenon occurs due to classical interference within the quantum system.
    • Findings suggest potential applications in enhancing information transmission speeds in optical communications.