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Related Concept Videos

Toxic Reactions: Overview01:26

Toxic Reactions: Overview

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When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
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The mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) is the main energy generation system in the eukaryotic cells. However, mitochondria also produce cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the large electron flow during oxidative phosphorylation. While Complex I is one of the primary sources of superoxide radicals, ROS production by Complex II is uncommon and may only be observed in cancer cells with mutated complexes.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

High Content Screening Analysis to Evaluate the Toxicological Effects of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents HPHC
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MitoTox: a comprehensive mitochondrial toxicity database.

Yu-Te Lin1, Ko-Hong Lin2, Chi-Jung Huang1

  • 1Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

BMC Bioinformatics
|July 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new database, MitoTox, catalogs mitochondrial toxins and their targets to aid in understanding drug side effects. This resource helps researchers analyze and predict mitochondrial toxicity for safer drug development.

Keywords:
DatabaseMitochondriaMitochondrial toxicityToxin-target association

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology
  • Toxicology

Background:

  • Mitochondria are crucial for cellular functions.
  • Drug off-target effects can damage mitochondria, leading to severe side effects.
  • Managing mitochondrial toxicity data is vital for research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a comprehensive database for mitochondrial toxicity.
  • To correlate chemical, biological, and mechanistic data on mitochondrial toxins.
  • To provide a resource for analyzing clinically relevant mitochondrial toxicity.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the MitoTox electronic repository.
  • Integrated data from scientific journals and databases.
  • Manually verified and extracted information on toxins and targets.

Main Results:

  • MitoTox contains over 1400 small molecules and 870 mitochondrial targets.
  • Over 4100 toxin-target associations are documented.
  • Each record includes biochemical properties, toxicity data, and clinical effects.

Conclusions:

  • MitoTox is a searchable database available online.
  • Applications include toxicity classification, prediction, and education.
  • Facilitates research into drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity.