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Characterization of the Interface of Heat-pressed Glass-Ceramic Masses on Metal Support Cr-Co in Metal-Ceramic
Panagiotis Galiatsatos1, Aristidis Galiatsatos2, Gerasimos Phillipatos3
1Dental School of Athens, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Aim And Objective:
The aim and objective of this study is to evaluate the interface between heat-pressed glass-ceramic masses on a Cr-Co metal substrate using a scanning electron microscope and an X-ray energy dispersion spectrometer.
Materials And Methods:
A pressed porcelain-leucite-based ceramic (IPS InLine press-on-metal (PoM); Ivoclar Vivadent AG) was used. Three cylindrical metal specimens cast (diameter 5 mm, height 1.5 mm) in Co-Cr alloy and covered with pressed ceramic (height 1.5 mm), according to the instructions of the manufacturer. All the specimens were covered with conductive carbon and then examined with a scanning electron microscope. The interface areas were studied using projections from an ETD secondary emission detector and a reversing atomic SSD contrast beam at a magnification of 1200× and 2000×, with a voltage 25 kV acceleration and 110 mA climb current. The elemental analysis was done with genesis 3.5 software, without the use of templates. Surface mapping areas and linear line scan projections of elemental distributions during the interface were recorded.
Results:
The distribution of specific elements in the ceramic coating concludes the existence of ion diffusion from one side of the interface to the other, which leads to an initial conclusion of the development of primary bonds with oxygen bridges. Also, in the interface, there are ledges of the mass of opaquer on the metal substrate, which results in the creation of a mechanical bond. Therefore, the adhesive mechanism must be due to both micromechanical retention and wetting phenomena and is similar to the conventional layering technique.
Conclusion:
The PoM technique can be used as an alternative fabrication method for metal-ceramic restorations. Factors, such as material composition and properties, firing temperatures, cooling rates, operator's skill, porosities, and fabrication process, may affect the quality and strength of the bond between the core and the veneering materials.
Clinical Significance:
The PoM technique can be used as an alternative fabrication method for metal-ceramic restorations.
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