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Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Quantified Assessment of Infant's Gross Motor Abilities Using a Multisensor Wearable

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Published on: May 17, 2024

Gestational age and child development at school entry.

Gursimran K Dhamrait^1,2, Hayley Christian^3,4, Melissa O'Donnell^3,5

¹Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia. gursimran.dhamrait@telethonkids.org.au.

Scientific Reports

|July 16, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Children born preterm face higher risks of developmental vulnerability at school entry. Sociodemographic factors significantly influence these risks, though some vulnerability in post-term born children remains unexplained.

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Area of Science:

Public Health
Developmental Pediatrics
Epidemiology

Background:

Gestational age at birth is linked to school readiness.
Developmental vulnerability at school entry is a concern for public health.
Understanding risk factors is crucial for early intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

Quantify the risk of developmental vulnerability associated with gestational age.
Investigate the impact of sociodemographic and modifiable factors on this relationship.
Analyze the association between gestational age and developmental vulnerability at school entry.

Main Methods:

Linked population-level birth, hospital, and perinatal data to the Australian Early Development Census (AEDC).
Followed a cohort of 64,810 singleton children from birth to school entry.
Used modified Poisson Regression to estimate relative risks (RR) and risk differences (RD) for developmental vulnerability.

Main Results:

Developmental vulnerability showed a reverse J-shaped relationship with gestational age.
Children born extremely preterm had the highest risk of developmental vulnerability.
Sociodemographic factors attenuated risks for most gestational age categories, except early-term births.

Conclusions:

Children born before full-term are at increased risk for developmental vulnerabilities.
Sociodemographic disadvantage largely explains elevated vulnerability in preterm infants.
Vulnerability in post-term infants is less explained by sociodemographic factors compared to preterm infants.