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How Self-Appraisal Is Mediated by the Brain.

Gennady G Knyazev1, Alexander N Savostyanov1,2,3, Andrey V Bocharov1,2

  • 1Laboratory of Psychophysiology of Individual Differences, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia.

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
|July 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Self-appraisal involves brain networks, with the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) mediating the process. Different individuals exhibit distinct self-appraisal mechanisms linked to personality.

Keywords:
DCMfMRImultilevel mediation analysisself-esteemself-referential processingtrait adjective judgment task

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Social Neuroscience

Background:

  • Self-esteem is crucial for well-being and linked to brain regions like the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC).
  • The neural mechanisms and network interactions underlying self-appraisal remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the brain mediation of self-appraisal processes.
  • To explore the interactions between brain regions during self-appraisal.
  • To identify individual differences in self-appraisal mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Multilevel mediation analysis of functional MRI data during a trait adjective judgment task.
  • Emotional valence of adjectives as predictor, behavioral response as dependent variable, and brain activity as mediator.
  • Dynamic causal modeling to analyze network interactions.

Main Results:

  • The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) was identified as a key mediator in self-appraisal.
  • Positive self-appraisal involved excitatory communication from rTPJ to MPFC.
  • Negative self-appraisal involved inhibitory input to the anterior insula (rAIns).
  • Individual differences revealed distinct self-appraisal strategies (positive endorsement vs. negative rejection) linked to personality.

Conclusions:

  • Self-appraisal is mediated by specific brain networks, notably the rTPJ.
  • Distinct neural mechanisms underlie positive and negative self-appraisal.
  • Individual differences in self-appraisal strategies are associated with personality traits.