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Updated: Oct 28, 2025
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3D Ultrasound Imaging: Fast and Cost-effective Morphometry of Musculoskeletal Tissue
Published on: November 27, 2017
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Radiological assessment of lower limb alignment.
Nuno Marques Luís1, Ricardo Varatojo1
1Knee and Ankle Surgery, Arthroscopy and Sports Trauma Unit; Orthopedic Center, Hospital Cuf Descobertas, Lisbon, Portugal.
EFORT Open Reviews
|July 16, 2021
Summary
Accurate lower limb alignment measurement is crucial for surgical planning. Standing radiographs define limb axes and angles, while CT scans assess torsional malalignment.
Area of Science:
- Orthopedic surgery
- Radiology
- Biomechanical analysis
Background:
- Limb alignment is critical for lower limb function and surgical outcomes.
- Accurate assessment of lower limb deformities guides surgical planning.
- Understanding physiological axes and mechanical/anatomic angles is essential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the primary imaging modality for lower limb alignment.
- To emphasize the importance of precise surgical planning and execution.
- To identify the gold standard for assessing torsional malalignment.
Main Methods:
- Utilizing full-length standing anteroposterior radiographs for limb alignment.
- Defining physiological axes and mechanical/anatomic angles of the lower limb.
- Employing computerized tomography (CT) scans for torsional malalignment assessment.
Main Results:
- Standing radiographs are the primary tool for defining and measuring limb alignment.
- Accurate measurement of limb axes and angles is vital for surgical planning.
- CT scan evaluation is the gold standard for preoperative assessment of torsional malalignment.
Conclusions:
- Full-length standing radiographs are fundamental for evaluating lower limb alignment.
- Meticulous surgical planning and execution are paramount for successful outcomes.
- Computerized tomography is indispensable for preoperative assessment of torsional deformities.
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