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Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

7.8K
The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...
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Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

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Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
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Flail Chest-I01:24

Flail Chest-I

347
Overview of Flail Chest
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
347
Flail Chest-II01:26

Flail Chest-II

304
Managing flail chest, a condition characterized by a segment of the chest wall moving independently from the rest of the thoracic cage, requires a comprehensive approach. It includes a thorough assessment of the patient's condition, a diagnostic evaluation to determine the extent of the injury, and the implementation of appropriate medical interventions tailored to the individual's needs.
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
304
Fractures: Bone Repair01:27

Fractures: Bone Repair

4.1K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
4.1K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
10:07

Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact

Published on: February 10, 2015

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Scapula fractures: a review.

David Limb1

  • 1Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK.

EFORT Open Reviews
|July 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Indications for scapula fracture fixation are emerging, particularly for displaced fractures impacting shoulder function. While many heal non-surgically, specific complex fractures benefit from early surgical stabilization for better outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Skeletal biomechanics

Background:

  • Consensus on scapula fracture fixation is developing, but evidence for extra-articular fractures remains limited, relying heavily on expert opinion.
  • Lack of randomized controlled trials necessitates reliance on case series data, limiting meta-analysis.
  • Increased interest in scapula fractures is linked to their association with reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing evidence to guide clinical decision-making for scapula fracture management.
  • To identify patient groups who may benefit from open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF).
  • To clarify the role of surgical intervention in reducing pain and disability.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of available literature on scapula fractures.
Keywords:
fracturereverse shoulder arthroplastyscapula

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The Modified Single-working Portal Technique Using Lasso-loop Stitch with Needle for Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair
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Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Oct 28, 2025

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The Modified Single-working Portal Technique Using Lasso-loop Stitch with Needle for Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair
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  • Analysis of case series data to identify trends and outcomes.
  • Evaluation of factors influencing the decision for surgical versus non-surgical management.

    • Main Results:

    • Displaced scapula fractures compromising shoulder girdle mechanics warrant consideration for ORIF.
    • Non-surgical treatment is effective for most scapula fractures, which typically heal well.
    • Specific fracture patterns, including displaced double disruptions of the superior suspensory complex, widely displaced lateral column fractures, and glenoid process angular deformities, benefit from early stabilization.

    Conclusions:

    • Surgical fixation of scapula fractures should be considered when displacement significantly impairs shoulder function, aiming to restore mechanics and alleviate pain.
    • While many fractures heal without surgery, careful patient selection is crucial for optimal outcomes.
    • Early reduction and stabilization are recommended for specific complex scapula fractures to achieve favorable results.