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Endometriosis-associated cancer.

F Guidozzi1,2

  • 1Parklane Clinic, Johannesburg, South Africa.

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|July 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Endometriosis, affecting 10% of women, can lead to infertility and impacts quality of life. Emerging data suggest atypical endometriosis, particularly ovarian, may precede malignant transformation, especially ovarian cancers.

Keywords:
Endometriosis-associated cancersborderline ovarian cancerbreast cancercervical cancerclear cell ovarian cancerendometrioidendometriuminvasive serous ovarian cancertransformation atypical endometriosis

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Area of Science:

  • Gynecology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Endometriosis affects approximately 10% of women, impacting quality of life and fertility.
  • Malignant transformation of endometriosis is an emerging concern.
  • Endometriosis presents in various forms: typical, atypical, ovarian, superficial peritoneal, and deep infiltrating.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the molecular and genetic changes in endometriosis-associated malignancy.
  • To summarize epidemiologic evidence linking endometriosis to cancer.
  • To discuss the precursor role of atypical endometriosis in ovarian cancer.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of molecular and genetic aberrations.
  • Analysis of epidemiologic data on endometriosis and cancer.
  • Histopathological classification of endometriosis and associated cancers.

Main Results:

  • Ovarian atypical endometriosis is the likely precursor for malignant transformation.
  • Endometrioid and clear cell ovarian cancers show a direct clonal relationship with endometriosis.
  • No significant association found with borderline ovarian cancers, serous ovarian cancers, or breast, endometrial, or cervical cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Atypical endometriosis, especially ovarian, is implicated in malignant transformation.
  • Molecular and genetic aberrations drive the transition from endometriosis to cancer.
  • Ovarian endometrioid and clear cell cancers are the primary malignancies associated with endometriosis.