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Updated: Oct 28, 2025

Author Spotlight: Investigating the Key Factors of Obliterative Bronchiolitis After Lung Transplantation
Published on: November 10, 2023
[Airway complications after lung transplantation]
M S Simonova1, M A Rusakov1, V D Parshin1
1Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Abstract:
Lung transplantations have been regularly performed in the Russian Federation since 2010. Therefore, the number of lung transplant recipients, as well as the number of patients with airway complications following lung transplantation has been increasing. Treatment of these patients takes place not only in transplantation centers, but also in other hospitals. This review is devoted to risk factors, clinical manifestations, treatment and prevention of airway complications after lung transplantation. We analyzed literature data over the last 15 years. It was confirmed that bronchoscopy is a «gold standard» for diagnosis of airway complications while bronchoscopic interventions are preferred for treatment. Balloon and rigid bronchodilation and endoscopic airway stenting are the most effective interventions. Silicone stents are the most optimal. Antimicrobial prophylaxis and timely use of antiproliferative immunosuppressive drugs are important factors in prevention and treatment of airway complications after lung transplantation.
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