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Experimental Test of the Edwards Volume Ensemble for Tapped Granular Packings
Ye Yuan1, Yi Xing1, Jie Zheng1
1School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
Abstract:
Using x-ray tomography, we experimentally investigate granular packings subject to mechanical tapping for three types of beads with different friction coefficients. We validate the Edwards volume ensemble in these three-dimensional granular systems and establish a granular version of thermodynamic zeroth law. Within the Edwards framework, we also explicitly clarify how friction influences granular statistical mechanics by modifying the density of states, which allows us to determine the entropy as a function of packing fraction and friction. Additionally, we obtain a granular jamming phase diagram based on geometric coordination number and packing fraction.
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