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Published on: July 5, 2021
[Meningiomas: A review of current knowledge]
J Boetto1, C Birzu2, M Kalamarides3
1Département de neurochirurgie, hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, CHRU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34090 Montpellier, France; CRICM INSERM U1127 CNRS UMR 7225, institut du cerveau, Paris, France.
Abstract:
Meningiomas are the most frequent among intracranial tumors, and represent more than 30% of primitive central nervous system neoplasms. Arising from the meninges, they are generally benign lesions and can be treated by either radio-clinical follow-up or surgical resection with excellent outcome. However, more than 20% of meningiomas harbor atypical or malignant features and represent challenges for both prognostic evaluation and therapeutic strategy. The discovery of the genetic and epigenetic landscapes of meningiomas enabled the identification of new prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets for refractory meningiomas. This review summarizes current epidemiology, histological and molecular characteristics, diagnosis and treatments for meningiomas, and highlights the close relationship between the development of meningiomas and hormonal intake, as illustrated by recent recommendations of the "Agence Nationale de Securité du Medicament", the French national drug safety agency.
Insights
Meningiomas, common brain tumors, are often benign but can be malignant. Genetic and epigenetic research offers new hope for treating difficult meningioma cases.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Neoplasms
- Central Nervous System (CNS) Tumors
Background:
- Meningiomas are the most common primary intracranial tumors, accounting for over 30% of CNS neoplasms.
- While typically benign and treatable, over 20% exhibit atypical or malignant features, complicating prognosis and treatment.
- Recent advances in understanding meningioma genetics and epigenetics are revealing new therapeutic targets and prognostic markers.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the current epidemiology, histology, molecular characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of meningiomas.
- To highlight the association between meningioma development and hormonal factors.
- To incorporate recent recommendations from the French National Drug Safety Agency regarding meningiomas.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of epidemiological, histological, and molecular data on meningiomas.
- Analysis of genetic and epigenetic findings in meningioma research.
- Synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, including hormonal influences.
Main Results:
- Identification of meningiomas as frequent CNS tumors with variable behavior.
- Discovery of genetic and epigenetic markers influencing prognosis and treatment.
- Established link between hormonal intake and meningioma development.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the molecular landscape of meningiomas is crucial for improved prognostic evaluation and targeted therapies.
- Hormonal factors play a significant role in meningioma development, necessitating careful consideration in clinical practice.
- This review provides a comprehensive overview for clinicians and researchers managing meningioma patients.
