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Reducing COVID-19 quarantine with SARS-CoV-2 testing: a simulation study.

Bo Peng1, Wen Zhou1, Rowland W Pettit1

  • 1Institute for Clinical & Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.

BMJ Open
|July 17, 2021
PubMed
Summary

SARS-CoV-2 testing significantly shortens COVID-19 quarantine durations without compromising safety. Strategic testing schedules, particularly with sensitive RT-PCR tests, enable shorter isolation periods, reducing stress and potentially costs.

Keywords:
COVID-19epidemiologyhealth policyinfection controlpublic health

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The standard 14-day quarantine for COVID-19 can cause significant physical and mental stress.
  • Optimizing quarantine durations is crucial for public health management and individual well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 testing in reducing quarantine duration for COVID-19.
  • To identify optimal SARS-CoV-2 testing schedules for safe and shorter quarantines.

Main Methods:

  • Extensive simulations using statistical models of SARS-CoV-2 transmissibility and viral loads.
  • Evaluation of quarantine strategies with varying numbers and types of SARS-CoV-2 tests.
  • Sensitivity analyses to assess the impact of model assumption variations.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 testing can safely shorten quarantine periods.
  • A single RT-PCR test can reduce quarantine to 10 days; two tests to 8 days; three tests to 6 days.
  • Less sensitive tests or less strategic schedules require longer quarantines.

Conclusions:

  • Test-assisted quarantine strategies offer a safer and more cost-effective alternative to the traditional 14-day quarantine.
  • Widespread adoption of optimized testing protocols can mitigate the burdens of prolonged isolation.
  • Further research into cost-effectiveness and implementation is warranted.