The functionality of probiotics in aquaculture: An overview

Area of Science:

• Aquaculture
• Microbiology
• Animal Science

Background:

• Probiotics are live beneficial bacteria that improve host health by modulating the gut microbiome.
• These microbes produce antimicrobial compounds and enzymes, inhibiting pathogens and aiding digestion.
• In aquaculture, probiotics offer significant benefits for fish health, growth, and environmental quality.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the definitions, sources, and mechanisms of action of bacterial probiotics in aquaculture.
• To highlight the beneficial effects of probiotics on fish growth, immunity, and gut health.
• To discuss the potential applications of probiotics in fish diets and their impact on sustainable aquaculture.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of scientific publications on probiotics in aquaculture.
• Analysis of research on probiotic mechanisms, including antimicrobial production and enzyme activity.
• Synthesis of data on the impact of probiotics on fish performance and health parameters.

Main Results:

• Probiotics enhance fish growth, disease resistance, and immune function.
• They improve gut microbiome composition and intestinal barrier integrity.
• Probiotics contribute to better water quality and reduced reliance on antibiotics in aquaculture.

Conclusions:

• Probiotics are valuable feed additives for aquaculture, improving fish health and productivity.
• Their application can lead to more sustainable aquaculture practices and safer seafood.
• Further research into probiotic applications can optimize fish farming and safeguard human health.