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Related Concept Videos

Action Potential01:14

Action Potential

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Neurons communicate by firing action potentials—the electrochemical signal that is propagated along the axon. The signal results in the release of neurotransmitters at axon terminals, thereby transmitting information to the nervous system. An action potential is a specific "all-or-none" change in membrane potential that results in a rapid spike in voltage.
Membrane potential in neurons
Neurons typically have a resting membrane potential of about -70 millivolts (mV). When they receive...
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Cells can detect chemical cues in their environment and reorganize the cytoskeleton to migrate toward them or away from them. This directional migration, called chemotaxis, is essential during embryogenesis and development, immune response, tissue repair and regeneration, and reproduction. These chemical cues can either attract or repel the cell's movement. For example, axon development is determined by a combination of chemoattractants and chemorepellents that direct the growing axon...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Oct 28, 2025

A Galvanotaxis Assay for Analysis of Neural Precursor Cell Migration Kinetics in an Externally Applied Direct Current Electric Field
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Lead Migration in Neuromodulation.

Semira Mollica1, Mohammed Awad1, Peter J Teddy1

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Clinical Neuroscience : Official Journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia
|July 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel mini-plate technique effectively secures neurostimulation leads for spinal cord, dorsal root ganglion, and occipital nerve stimulation, preventing lead migration in all patients.

Keywords:
ComplicationLead anchoringLead migrationNeuromodulationPain surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Lead migration is a significant complication in spinal cord (SCS), dorsal root ganglion (DRG), and occipital nerve stimulation (ONS) implants.
  • Current methods for lead fixation may not always prevent displacement, leading to revision surgeries and suboptimal outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a simple and effective technique for securing neurostimulation leads.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of titanium mini-plates in preventing lead migration for SCS, DRG, and ONS devices.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective analysis of 39 patients undergoing neurosurgical implantation of SCS, DRG, and ONS devices.
  • Utilized titanium mini-plates to anchor leads to adjacent laminae near the epidural space exit point.
  • Technique adapted for both primary implantation and correction of lead migration, with potential for percutaneous lead fixation.

Main Results:

  • No cases of primary or recurrent lead migration were observed in any of the 39 patients.
  • The mini-plate anchorage technique provided secure fixation, minimizing the risk of electrode displacement.
  • The method proved reliable in preventing post-operative lead migration across various neuromodulation implants.

Conclusions:

  • Titanium mini-plate anchorage is a reliable and simple technique for securing neurostimulation leads.
  • This method significantly reduces the incidence of lead migration in SCS, DRG, and ONS procedures.
  • The technique offers a promising solution for improving the long-term stability of neuromodulation implants.