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Physiological Responses During High-Intensity Interval Training in Young Swimmers.
Tiago André Freire Almeida1,2,3, Dalton Müller Pessôa Filho3,4, Mário Cunha Espada5,6
1Interdisciplinary Center for the Study of Human Performance (CIPER), Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
Frontiers in Physiology
|July 19, 2021
Summary
This study found that 100-m and 200-m interval training (IT) in swimming elicit similar physiological responses for enhancing aerobic power. However, 100-m intervals were perceived as less difficult than 200-m intervals.
Area of Science:
- Sports Science
- Exercise Physiology
- Swimming Performance
Background:
- Optimizing interval training (IT) protocols is crucial for enhancing aerobic power in swimmers.
- Understanding the physiological and perceptual differences between varying interval distances is essential for effective training prescription.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the physiological and perceptual responses of 100-m versus 200-m interval training (IT) protocols performed at maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) in adolescent swimmers.
- To determine if different interval lengths impact oxygen uptake kinetics, blood lactate accumulation, and perceived exertion during high-intensity swimming.
Main Methods:
- Twelve adolescent swimmers (males and females) underwent incremental testing to determine ventilatory threshold (VT2), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2peak), and MAV.
- Swimmers completed two IT protocols at MAV: 100-m bouts (IT100) and 200-m bouts (IT200) until exhaustion.
- Measurements included VO2 kinetics, time spent at high percentages of VO2peak, peak blood lactate ([La-]peak), and rate of perceived exertion (RPE).
Main Results:
- No significant differences were observed in peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), VO2 kinetics, or peak blood lactate ([La-]peak) between the 100-m and 200-m IT protocols.
- Time spent near VO2peak and above VT2 did not differ between the protocols.
- Rate of perceived exertion (RPE) was significantly lower for the 100-m IT protocol compared to the 200-m IT protocol.
Conclusions:
- Both 100-m and 200-m interval training protocols are effective for improving aerobic power in swimmers, as evidenced by similar VO2peak attainment and oxygen uptake kinetics.
- The 100-m interval protocol is perceived as less strenuous than the 200-m protocol, suggesting it may be a more manageable option for some athletes or training phases.
- Coaches can consider the RPE differences when designing training strategies, potentially utilizing 100-m intervals for athletes who find longer intervals more psychologically demanding.
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