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Related Concept Videos

Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

Polymer Classification: Architecture

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Polymer Classification: Stereospecificity01:26

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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Designed for Molecular Recycling: A Lignin-Derived Semi-aromatic Biobased Polymer
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S-nitrosothiol-modified hyperbranched polyesters.

Lei Yang1, Yuan Lu1, Robert J Soto1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599.

Polymer Chemistry
|July 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed novel biodegradable polyesters capable of storing and releasing nitric oxide (NO). These advanced materials offer significant NO payloads and can be triggered by light, copper ions, or heat for versatile applications.

Keywords:
2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propionic acid (bis-MPA)Nitric oxideS-nitrosothiolhyperbranched polyestersthiol-ene reaction

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Biomaterials Science
  • Drug Delivery

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) plays crucial roles in physiological processes.
  • Developing safe and effective NO-delivery systems remains a challenge.
  • Biodegradable materials with high NO storage capacity are desirable.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize hyperbranched polyesters functionalized with nitric oxide (NO) donors.
  • To investigate the controlled release of NO from these polyesters.
  • To explore the potential of these materials as biodegradable NO-releasing systems.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of hyperbranched polyesters via Michael addition thiol-ene reaction.
  • Introduction of S-nitrosothiol NO donors onto polyester scaffolds.
  • Characterization of NO storage capacity and release kinetics.
  • Evaluation of NO release triggered by light, copper ions, and heat.

Main Results:

  • Polyesters with varying exterior thiol modifications were successfully synthesized.
  • Achieved high NO storage capacity of approximately 2.0 μmol mg⁻¹.
  • Demonstrated triggered NO release under physiological conditions (37 °C, pH 7.4).
  • NO release was effectively controlled by light, copper ions, and heat.

Conclusions:

  • Developed a versatile platform for creating biodegradable NO-releasing polyesters.
  • The synthesized materials exhibit substantial NO payloads and controlled release profiles.
  • These findings expand the toolkit for designing advanced NO-releasing biomaterials.