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Pediatric Ward Nurses' Caring Self-Efficacy Scale: Development and Validation
Masoud Bahrami1, Azam Alavi2, Ali Zargham-Boroujeni3
1Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research
|July 19, 2021
Summary
A new scale was developed to measure pediatric nurses
Area of Science:
- Nursing Research
- Psychometrics
- Healthcare Quality Improvement
Background:
- Lack of a specific instrument to assess caring self-efficacy among pediatric nurses.
- The critical role of caring behaviors in pediatric nursing practice.
- The need for a validated tool to measure and enhance nurses' confidence in providing care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a scale measuring caring self-efficacy in pediatric ward nurses.
- To provide a psychometrically sound instrument for research and practice improvement in pediatric nursing.
Main Methods:
- Exploratory, sequential, mixed-methods design conducted in Iran (2015).
- Qualitative phase: 27 semi-structured interviews analyzed via conventional content analysis.
- Quantitative phase: Scale development (65 items initially) and validation (305 nurses) using face, content, construct, and concurrent validity assessments, alongside reliability testing (internal consistency and test-retest).
Main Results:
- A 51-item Pediatric Ward Nurses' Caring Self-Efficacy (PWNCSE) scale was finalized after item reduction based on validity indices (S-CVI=0.85, CVR, CVI).
- Exploratory factor analysis identified four subscales, supporting construct validity.
- The scale demonstrated strong concurrent validity (r=0.77, p<0.001), internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.96), and test-retest reliability (r=0.98).
Conclusions:
- The developed PWNCSE scale is a practical, reliable, and valid instrument.
- It can be effectively used to evaluate the caring self-efficacy of nurses in pediatric settings.
- The scale can inform targeted interventions to bolster nurses' confidence and improve patient care.
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