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Transformable upconversion metal-organic frameworks for near-infrared light-programmed chemotherapy.

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This study introduces a novel transformable metal-organic framework (MOF) for near-infrared (NIR) light-activated chemotherapy. The system effectively inhibits tumor growth and metastasis through controlled drug release and activation.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Nanotechnology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Chemotherapy faces challenges with drug delivery and tumor specificity.
  • Developing stimuli-responsive materials for targeted cancer treatment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and synthesize a transformable upconversion metal-organic framework (MOF) for near-infrared (NIR) light-modulated chemotherapy.
  • To investigate the MOF's ability to release drugs and activate prodrugs in response to NIR light.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a transformable MOF with an upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) core and an azobenzene-based MOF shell.
  • Utilizing dual Förster resonance energy transfers (FRETs) for MOF transformation and drug release.
  • In vitro and in vivo evaluation of the system's therapeutic efficacy against tumors.

Main Results:

  • The designed MOF demonstrated efficient NIR light-triggered transformation.
  • Successful drug release and prodrug activation were achieved via dual FRET mechanisms.
  • Significant inhibition of tumor growth and metastasis was observed in preclinical models.

Conclusions:

  • The transformable upconversion MOF presents a promising platform for targeted chemotherapy.
  • NIR light modulation offers precise control over drug delivery and therapeutic response.
  • This approach holds potential for improving cancer treatment outcomes by minimizing side effects and enhancing efficacy.