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Updated: Oct 27, 2025

Comparing the Effects of Electronic Cigarette Vapor and Cigarette Smoke in a Novel In Vivo Exposure System
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Nicotine in electronic cigarette fluid: importation pathways to unequal harm

Jody Morgan1,2, Alison Jones1,2, Celine Kelso1,2,3

  • 1Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia.

Internal Medicine Journal
|July 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Australian regulations on nicotine e-liquids were delayed, risking vapers using high-concentration nicotine. This could increase harm, necessitating regulations on nicotine concentration, child-resistant packaging, and clear labeling for electronic cigarette fluids.

Keywords:
e-cigaretteelectronic cigarettenicotinetoxicityvapingvaporisation

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