Self-Powered Filterless On-Chip Full-Stokes Polarimeter

The detection of polarization states of light is essential in photonic and optoelectronic devices. Currently, the polarimeters are usually constructed with the help of waveplates or a comprehensive metasurface, which will inevitably increase the fabrication complexity and unnecessary energy loss. Here, we have successfully demonstrated a self-powered filterless on-chip full-Stokes polarimeter based on a single-layer MoS₂/few-layer MoS₂ homojunction. Combining the built-in electric field enhanced circular photogalvanic effect with the intrinsic optical anisotropy of MoS₂ between in-plane and out-of-plane directions, the device is able to conveniently sense four Stokes parameters of incident light at zero bias without requiring an extra filtering layer and can function in the wavelength range of 650-690 nm with acceptable average errors. Besides, this homojunction device is easy to integrate with silicon-based chips and could have much smaller sizes than metasurface based polarimeters. Our study thus provides an excellent paradigm for high-performance on-chip filterless polarimeters.