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Updated: Oct 27, 2025

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Remote Laboratory Management: Respiratory Virus Diagnostics

Published on: April 6, 2019

Nosocomial Respiratory Infections in a Rural Zambian Hospital.

Gideon Loevinsohn^1,2, Justin Hardick³, Thomas Mehoke⁴

¹1Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

|July 19, 2021

Summary

Nosocomial respiratory infections are common in a rural Zambian hospital. Surveillance of patients and healthcare workers revealed high rates of respiratory viruses, including influenza, highlighting infection control challenges.

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Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: June 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Infectious Diseases
Public Health
Epidemiology

Background:

Nosocomial respiratory infections pose a significant, yet understudied, threat in resource-limited settings.
Understanding the epidemiology of these infections in rural southern Africa is crucial for effective public health interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a surveillance program for respiratory infections in a rural Zambian hospital.
To detect influenza-like illness (ILI) and other respiratory pathogens in hospitalized patients and healthcare workers (HCWs).

Main Methods:

Implemented a 1-year surveillance program at a rural Zambian hospital.
Collected nasopharyngeal specimens from symptomatic patients and HCWs.
Utilized broadly multiplexed molecular testing to identify respiratory viruses and atypical bacteria.

Main Results:

15 patients (1.7%) developed ILI post-admission; 19 HCWs (43%) experienced ILI.
Respiratory viruses were detected in 45% of patient and 55% of HCW specimens.
The cumulative incidence of influenza among HCWs was 9% over the surveillance year.

Conclusions:

Respiratory viruses are prevalent among both patients and HCWs in this rural Zambian hospital.
Limited infection control infrastructure likely contributes to the high burden of nosocomial respiratory infections.
Further research and improved infection control measures are warranted.