Current progress and prospects of organic nanoparticles against bacterial biofilm

Biofilm plays a vital role in the pathogenicity and resistance of bacteria, and is an important problem to be settled urgently in the treatment of bacterial diseases. Exploring effective strategies to control bacterial biofilm has become a hot research topic. Compared to other measures, organic nanomaterials have shown greater prospects in overcoming the problems of bacterial biofilms due to their unique properties. In order to explore more effective organic nanomaterials against biofilms, we used relevant keywords to search for related published publications on the Web of Science . On the basis of these searched publications, this review firstly summarized the properties, formulation, harmness, and treatment challenges of biofilm. Secondly, the current progress of organic nanomaterials against bacterial biofilm and its possible anti-biofilm mechanisms (e.g., reducing the adhesion of biofilms, enhancing the permeability of antimicrobial agents, maintaining drug stability, fighting against biofilm using specific actions) was analyzed. Thirdly, the influences on the anti-biofilm efficacy of organic nanomaterials were discussed from nanoparticles and biofilm characteristics. Finally, the challenges and prospects of organic nanoparticles against biofilm were concluded. This review may help researchers to realize the progress and challenges of nanoparticles against biofilm and thus help to design more efficient organic nanomaterial to fight against biofilms.