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Developmental Status of Five-Year-old Children with Very-Low-Birth-Weight

Reza Sharafi1, Afagh Hassanzadeh Rad1, Narges Akrami1

  • 11.Pediatric Diseases Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.

Iranian Journal of Child Neurology
|July 20, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Five-year-old very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) children show higher risks for developmental delays in communication, motor, and problem-solving skills compared to normal-birth-weight peers. Early developmental screening is crucial for timely interventions in VLBW infants.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Neonatal Care

Background:

  • Improved survival rates for very-low-birth-weight (VLBW) neonates have been reported.
  • However, a significant percentage of VLBW infants experience developmental disorders.
  • Early detection and intervention are critical for addressing developmental challenges in VLBW children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the developmental status of five-year-old children born with very-low-birth-weight (VLBW).
  • To compare the developmental outcomes of VLBW children with those of normal-birth-weight (NBW) children at age five.

Main Methods:

  • A historical cohort study involving 106 five-year-old children, divided into VLBW and NBW groups.
  • Developmental status was evaluated using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire (ASQ), assessing communication, gross motor, fine motor, problem-solving, and personal/social skills.
  • Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U test, and independent t-test using SPSS version 22.

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed between VLBW and NBW groups in communication (P=0.002), gross motor (P<0.001), fine motor (P<0.001), and problem-solving (P<0.001) skills.
  • No significant difference was found in personal/social developmental status between the two groups (P=0.559).
  • VLBW children exhibited a higher risk of developmental delays across multiple domains.

Conclusions:

  • VLBW infants face a higher risk of developmental delays compared to normal-birth-weight neonates.
  • Developmental screening tests are recommended for early identification of high-risk children.
  • Timely diagnostic and therapeutic interventions are essential for improving outcomes in VLBW children.
Abstract

Keywords:
ASQChildDevelopmental delayVLBW

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