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Related Experiment Videos

Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis.

M W Lockey

    The Laryngoscope
    |March 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) is a rare, fatal brain infection caused by soil amoebae. This review covers its discovery, 79 reported human cases, and the importance of recognizing this severe disorder.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurology
    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology

    Background:

    • Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM) emerged as a fatal disease in animals during polio virus research.
    • The causative agents were identified as previously non-pathogenic soil amoebae, found globally.

    Observation:

    • Initial animal studies suggested potential human risk, later confirmed by worldwide case reports.
    • Since 1965, 79 human cases of PAM have been documented, diagnosed both retrospectively and during acute illness.

    Findings:

    • Pathogenic soil amoebae, their classification, morphology, virulence, and distribution are detailed.
    • The review synthesizes clinical presentations, diagnostic methods, pathology, and management strategies for PAM.
    • A new case report is included, highlighting the disease's severity.

    Implications:

    • Otolaryngologists should be aware of PAM, recognizing its potential transnasal route of infection.
    • Increased awareness can lead to earlier diagnosis and potentially improved patient outcomes for this devastating infection.

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