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Expanding insect pollinators in the Anthropocene.

Guillaume Ghisbain1, Maxence Gérard1,2, Thomas J Wood1

  • 1Laboratory of Zoology, Research Institute for Biosciences, University of Mons, Place du Parc 20, Mons, 7000, Belgium.

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|July 21, 2021
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Summary

Global environmental changes are causing some pollinator insects to expand their ranges. Key traits like mobility and heat resistance enable this expansion, with significant ecological consequences.

Keywords:
beesbumblebeesbutterfliesconservationexotic speciesexpansionglobal changeinvasive species

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Environmental Science
  • Entomology

Background:

  • Global changes are driving pollinator insect populations towards extirpation and extinction.
  • The expansion of certain pollinator species under global change has been less studied but is a significant phenomenon.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the factors and traits enabling pollinator insect expansion.
  • To discuss the ecological consequences of pollinator expansion.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on pollinator insect populations experiencing range shifts.
  • Analysis of traits associated with species persistence and expansion in changing environments.

Main Results:

  • Key traits for expansion include mobility, heat stress resistance, and adaptation to warmer climates.
  • Dietary and nesting flexibility are common, but niche specialization can also drive expansion.
  • Consequences include resource competition, pathogen spread, and hybridization with native species.

Conclusions:

  • Pollinator expansion is a critical aspect of global environmental change.
  • Traits for success are species- and context-specific, complicating generalizations.
  • Monitoring the impacts of expanding pollinators, especially exotic species, is crucial for ecosystem health.