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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose01:02

Glucose Homeostasis: Regulation of Blood Glucose

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Carbohydrates consumed through foods are converted into glucose, a crucial energy source for the body. In the prandial state, high blood glucose levels stimulate the secretion of insulin from the pancreas. Insulin inhibits hepatic glucose production and stimulates glucose uptake and metabolism by muscle and adipose tissue. The excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored in the liver and muscles.
During fasting, when blood glucose levels are low, the pancreas secretes glucagon. it...
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Hypoglycemia and Glucagon01:15

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Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
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Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose01:16

Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose

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Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

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Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
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Diabetes Mellitus: Overview and Type I Subtype01:22

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Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood glucose levels due to inadequate insulin production, insulin resistance, or both. The condition affects millions worldwide and can significantly impact their health and quality of life.
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas. As a result, the body is unable to produce sufficient insulin, and individuals with...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
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Blood glucose control: Where are we?

Moon-Kyu Lee1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Uijeongbu Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, Uijeongbu, Korea.

Journal of Diabetes Investigation
|July 21, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Achieving optimal blood glucose control in diabetes mellitus requires prompt, intensive treatment and personalized patient strategies. Early intervention is key for better diabetes management and outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Metabolic Disorders
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus poses significant health risks globally.
  • Effective blood glucose management is crucial for preventing complications.
  • Current treatment paradigms emphasize glycemic control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of early intensive therapy in diabetes.
  • To underscore the necessity of individualized treatment approaches.
  • To provide insights into optimizing blood glucose control strategies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current clinical guidelines and research.
  • Analysis of factors influencing treatment efficacy.
  • Synthesis of evidence supporting early and personalized interventions.

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Main Results:

  • Early intensive therapy demonstrates superior outcomes in glycemic control.
  • Individualization of treatment plans improves patient adherence and effectiveness.
  • A combination of early and tailored strategies is most beneficial.

Conclusions:

  • Optimal diabetes management necessitates a dual approach: early intensive therapy and individualized patient care.
  • Personalized strategies enhance the effectiveness of intensive treatment for blood glucose control.
  • Proactive and tailored interventions are fundamental for long-term diabetes mellitus success.