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Nuclear envelope budding is a response to cellular stress.

Dimitra Panagaki1, Jacob T Croft1, Katharina Keuenhof1

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|July 22, 2021
PubMed
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Nuclear envelope budding (NEB) is an evolutionarily conserved pathway for cell communication. This study reveals NEB is a conserved stress response in yeast, aiding transport of protein aggregates across the nuclear envelope.

Keywords:
buddingelectron tomographynuclear transportprotein quality controlvesicles

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Nuclear envelope budding (NEB) is a novel pathway for nucleocytoplasmic communication.
  • It is distinct from nuclear pore complex-mediated transport.
  • Its evolutionary conservation and physiological role are largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary conservation of NEB.
  • To determine the physiological conditions that induce NEB in yeast.
  • To explore the link between NEB and protein quality control.

Main Methods:

  • Quantitative electron microscopy and tomography.
  • Analysis of NEB frequency in *Saccharomyces cerevisiae* under various stress conditions.
  • Localization studies of ubiquitin and Hsp104.

Main Results:

  • NEB is evolutionarily conserved from protists to human cells.
  • NEB frequency increases under heat shock, oxidative stress, proteasome inhibition, and with induced protein misfolding.
  • NEB events colocalize with protein aggregates, ubiquitin, and Hsp104, particularly during heat shock.

Conclusions:

  • NEB is a conserved cellular process across diverse species.
  • In *S. cerevisiae*, NEB functions as a stress response mechanism.
  • NEB facilitates the transport of protein aggregates across the nuclear envelope as part of cellular quality control.