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Related Concept Videos

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)01:22

Spin–Spin Coupling: Three-Bond Coupling (Vicinal Coupling)

1.2K
Vicinal or three-bond coupling is commonly observed between protons attached to adjacent carbons. Here, nuclear spin information is primarily transferred via electron spin interactions between adjacent C‑H bond orbitals. This generally favors the antiparallel arrangement of spins, so 3J values are usually positive.
The extent of coupling depends on the C‑C bond length, the two H‑C‑C angles, any electron-withdrawing substituents, and the dihedral angle between the...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)01:20

Spin–Spin Coupling: Two-Bond Coupling (Geminal Coupling)

1.2K
Two NMR-active nuclei bonded to a central atom can be involved in geminal or two-bond coupling. Geminal coupling is commonly seen between diastereotopic protons in chiral molecules and unsymmetrical alkenes, among others.
The central atom need not be NMR-active because its electrons are affected by the electron polarization of the spin-active atoms. However, spin information is transmitted less effectively than in one-bond coupling, and 2J values are usually weaker than 1J values. The energy of...
1.2K
Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview01:08

Spin–Spin Coupling Constant: Overview

1.1K
In bromoethane, the three methyl protons are coupled to the two methylene protons that are three bonds away. In accordance with the n+1 rule, the signal from the methyl protons is split into three peaks with 1:2:1 relative intensities. The methylene protons appear as a quartet, with the relative intensities of 1:3:3:1.
Qualitatively, any spin plus-half nucleus polarizes the spins of its electrons to the minus-half state. Consequently, the paired electron in the hydrogen–carbon bond must...
1.1K
Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling01:17

Spin–Spin Coupling: One-Bond Coupling

1.1K
Coupling interactions are strongest between NMR-active nuclei bonded to each other, where spin information can be transmitted directly through the pair of bonding electrons. While nuclei polarize their electrons to the opposite spins, the bonding electron pair has opposite spins. Configurations with antiparallel nuclear spins are expected to be lower in energy. When coupling makes antiparallel states more favorable, J is considered to have a positive value. The one-bond coupling constant, 1J,...
1.1K
¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

1.2K
Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.2K
¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling01:27

¹H NMR: Long-Range Coupling

2.1K
The coupling interactions of nuclei across four or more bonds are usually weak, with J values less than 1 Hz. While these are usually not observed in spectra, the presence of multiple bonds along the coupling pathway can result in observable long-range coupling.
In alkenes, spin information is communicated via σ–π overlap, as seen in allylic (four-bond) and homoallylic (five-bond) couplings. These coupling interactions are stronger when the σ bond is parallel to the alkene...
2.1K

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Excitonic Hamiltonians for Calculating Optical Absorption Spectra and Optoelectronic Properties of Molecular Aggregates and Solids
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Increasing the Hilbert space dimension using a single coupled molecular spin.

Hugo Biard1, Eufemio Moreno-Pineda2, Mario Ruben3,4,5

  • 1CNRS, Grenoble INP, Institut Néel, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France.

Nature Communications
|July 22, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers demonstrate electronic read-out for multi-level quantum systems using a single molecular magnet. This advance enables larger quantum information storage and more complex quantum algorithms, advancing quantum technology development.

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Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Molecular Magnetism
  • Solid-State Physics

Background:

  • Quantum technologies promise to revolutionize information processing.
  • Handling numerous quantum bits (qubits) while preserving quantum properties is a key challenge.
  • Multi-level quantum systems offer increased information storage capacity compared to traditional qubits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present the electronic read-out of coupled molecular multi-level quantum systems.
  • To explore the potential of molecular magnets for advanced quantum information processing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a single Tb$_{2}$Pc$_{3}$ molecular magnet with two magnetic centers.
  • Implemented electronic read-out techniques to access the quantum states.
  • Leveraged the 16-dimensional Hilbert space of the molecular system.

Main Results:

  • Successfully demonstrated electronic read-out of a multi-level quantum system.
  • The molecular magnet architecture provides a 16-dimensional Hilbert space.
  • This system facilitates the potential for more complex quantum algorithms.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular magnets are a viable platform for multi-level quantum systems.
  • Electronic read-out is achievable for these complex quantum systems.
  • This research paves the way for advanced quantum information processing applications.