Related Experiment Video
Updated: Oct 27, 2025
03:53
Author Spotlight: Advancements in Multiplex Detection of Respiratory Viruses
Published on: November 10, 2023
1.5K
Risk Factors for SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Pneumonia, Intubation, and Death in Northeast Mexico
Hid Felizardo Cordero-Franco1,2, Laura Hermila De La Garza-Salinas3, Salvador Gomez-Garcia4
1Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Delegación Nuevo León, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Mexico.
Frontiers in Public Health
|July 22, 2021
Summary
Older age, male sex, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are key risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes. Identifying these groups is crucial for targeted preventive strategies in high-density populations.
Area of Science:
- Epidemiology
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) infections and mortality continued to rise globally, including Mexico, despite social distancing measures.
- Identifying high-risk populations is essential for implementing effective, targeted preventive strategies, especially in densely populated areas.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify pre-existing conditions and demographic factors associated with increased risk of COVID-19 infection, complications, and mortality.
- To inform public health interventions by highlighting vulnerable groups requiring prioritized preventive measures.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study was conducted with 56,715 suspected COVID-19 patients in Nuevo León, Mexico.
- Cases included COVID-19 positive patients who developed pneumonia, required intubation, or died. Controls included negative or uncomplicated positive cases.
- Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney U tests, Chi square, and binary logistic regression to assess risk factors such as age, sex, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Main Results:
- 62.6% of suspected patients tested positive for COVID-19.
- Among infected individuals, 14% developed pneumonia, 2.9% were intubated, and 8.1% died.
- Older age (mean age of complicated cases ~60 years vs. 44.7 years for infected), male sex, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity were identified as significant risk factors for infection, complications, and death.
Conclusions:
- Older age, male sex, diabetes, hypertension, and obesity are significant risk factors for severe COVID-19 outcomes.
- Timely identification of individuals with these pre-existing conditions is critical for prioritizing preventive measures and mitigating the impact of COVID-19.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
1.2K
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
1.2K
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
427
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
427
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
534
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
534
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
2.8K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.8K
01:21Acute Respiratory Failure-II
547
Type I Respiratory Failure, or hypoxemic respiratory failure, occurs when the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) in arterial blood falls below 60 mmHg while breathing room air without a corresponding increase in arterial carbon dioxide levels (PaCO2). This condition highlights a significant impairment in the lungs' capacity to oxygenate the blood.
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
The underlying physiological abnormalities that contribute to hypoxemic respiratory failure include:
547
01:26Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection
12.8K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
12.8K