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Association Between Visual Field Damage and Gait Dysfunction in Patients With Glaucoma.

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Older adults with glaucoma experience faster declines in walking speed and cadence as their visual field damage worsens. This highlights the impact of glaucoma on mobility and fall risk over time.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics

Background:

  • Gait dysfunction and falls are prevalent in older adults with visual impairment.
  • Glaucoma, a leading cause of visual impairment, significantly impacts mobility.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the 3-year longitudinal changes in gait parameters among older adults with glaucoma.
  • To compare gait measure progression across the spectrum of baseline visual field (VF) damage.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study followed 241 older adults with glaucoma for up to 3 years.
  • Gait assessments were conducted annually using an electronic walkway.
  • Linear mixed-effects models analyzed changes in gait velocity, cadence, stride length, and base support relative to VF severity.

Main Results:

  • Worsening visual field damage was associated with more rapid declines in stride velocity and cadence.
  • Individuals with severe VF damage exhibited the most significant decreases in stride velocity and cadence.
  • Stride length also decreased significantly across all levels of VF damage.

Conclusions:

  • Older adults with glaucoma experience accelerated declines in walking speed with increasing visual field loss.
  • Visual field damage severity is a critical factor influencing gait deterioration in glaucoma patients.
  • These findings underscore the link between glaucoma, impaired mobility, and increased fall risk in the elderly.