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Updated: Oct 27, 2025
06:33
3-D Imaging and Analysis of Neurons Infected In Vivo with Toxoplasma gondii
Published on: December 9, 2014
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Scoping Review of Toxoplasma Postinfectious Sequelae
Erika Austhof1, Kylie Boyd1, Kenzie Schaefer1
1Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Foodborne Pathogens and Disease
|July 22, 2021
Summary
This review highlights the significant health impacts of Toxoplasma gondii infection, including vision, mental health, and neurological disorders. More long-term studies are needed to fully understand the chronic sequelae and disease burden.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Ophthalmology
Background:
- Economic estimates of Toxoplasma gondii infection and its chronic sequelae are limited.
- Existing data do not fully capture the true burden of disease and long-term health consequences.
- There is a need to update the literature on postinfectious sequelae following Toxoplasma gondii infection.
Purpose of the Study:
- To conduct a scoping review of postinfectious sequelae following Toxoplasma gondii infection.
- To update existing literature on the development of chronic sequelae after Toxoplasma gondii infection.
- To identify research gaps regarding the long-term burden of Toxoplasma gondii sequelae.
Main Methods:
- Searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus for literature from January 1, 2000, to November 6, 2018.
- Included articles focusing on postinfectious sequelae and economic estimates related to Toxoplasma gondii.
- Summarized findings from 108 articles covering various outcome categories.
Main Results:
- Identified 5 main categories of outcomes: vision disorders (58 articles), psychological/mental health disorders (27), neurological disorders (17), fetal death/infection (15), and hearing loss (6).
- The majority of studies assessed incidence, with few offering long-term follow-up.
- Congenital Toxoplasma infection can lead to severe neonatal outcomes.
Conclusions:
- This scoping review provides a resource for understanding the range of postinfectious sequelae of Toxoplasma gondii.
- Prospective, long-term studies are crucial for determining the life-course burden of these sequelae.
- Findings can inform future research, policy, and public health guidance.
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