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Brain Imaging01:14

Brain Imaging

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Brain imaging technologies provide critical insights into both the structure and function of the human brain, enabling medical professionals and researchers to diagnose, study, and treat neurological disorders or psychiatric disorders more effectively.
These technologies include computerized axial tomography (CAT or CT scans), positron-emission tomography (PET scans),  magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),  functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and Transcranial Magnetic...
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Abnormal thalamic functional connectivity impacts sensorimotor integration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Higher connectivity within the thalamus aids finger movement, while increased connectivity with the basal ganglia and sensorimotor cortex worsens motor function.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • Sensorimotor integration and hand dexterity are frequently impaired in MS patients.
  • The role of thalamic resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) in MS-related motor deficits is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between abnormal thalamic rsFC and impaired sensorimotor integration and hand dexterity in MS.
  • To explore the specific patterns of thalamic connectivity associated with motor deficits in MS.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated sensorimotor integration using kinematic analysis of index finger abductions during somatosensory temporal discrimination threshold (STDT) testing.
  • Compared 36 patients with relapsing-remitting MS to 39 healthy controls (HC).
  • Acquired multimodal 3T structural and functional MRI data.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited reduced index finger abduction velocity compared to HC.
  • Thalamic rsFC with sensorimotor cortex (precentral and postcentral gyri), supplementary motor area (SMA), insula, and basal ganglia was elevated in MS patients.
  • Intrathalamic rsFC and thalamic rsFC with the caudate and insula were reduced in MS patients.
  • Finger movement velocity correlated positively with intrathalamic rsFC and negatively with thalamic rsFC to sensorimotor cortex, SMA, and putamen.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal thalamic rsFC is implicated in altered sensorimotor integration in MS.
  • Enhanced intrathalamic rsFC may facilitate finger movements.
  • Increased thalamic rsFC with the basal ganglia and sensorimotor cortex is associated with motor performance decline in MS.
  • Monitoring thalamic connectivity alongside sensorimotor function could aid in early identification of patients for rehabilitation.