Preparation and characterization of magnetic modified bone charcoal for removing Cu²⁺ ions from industrial and mining...

Heavy metal water pollution is an urgent global problem to be addressed. Copper ions are common toxic heavy metal pollutants in wastewater. In order to remove the excessive copper ions in wastewater, in this study, chicken bone charcoal was modified by sodium dodecyl sulfonate and combined with magnetic nanoparticles prepared with ferric chloride hexahydrate and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate to produce a high efficiency adsorbent. The characterization of the magnetically modified bone charcoal was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, surface and porosity analyses, FTIR and thermogravimetric analysis. The optimal adsorption conditions of magnetically modified bone charcoal for Cu²⁺ were obtained through batch experiments. The highest removal rate and adsorption capacity of Cu²⁺ was 99.98% and 15.057 mg/g, respectively, when the pH was 3.0, adsorbent dosage was 0.2 g, initial concentration of the Cu²⁺ solution was 50 mg/L, and temperature was 25 °C. The adsorption process fitted well with the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The regeneration experiment indicated that M-SDS-BC-500 maintained a high removal rate after five repetitions. The results suggest that the adsorbent has wide application prospects.