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Behavioral variations among vascular cognitive impairment subtypes - A comparative study.

Ashwani Bhat1, Atanu Biswas1, Gautam Das1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research Bangur Institute of Neurology, Kolkata, India.

Applied Neuropsychology. Adult
|July 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Vascular dementia (VaD) subtypes exhibit distinct behavioral profiles. Small vessel disease-related VaD showed more apathy, euphoria, and disinhibition, aiding diagnosis and management.

Keywords:
Behavioral neuropsychologycognitioncomparativegeriatric

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuropsychology
  • Geriatrics

Background:

  • Vascular dementia (VaD) presents heterogeneous neuropsychological and behavioral profiles.
  • Limited research compares behavioral dysfunction in large vessel versus small vessel VaD.
  • The association between executive dysfunction, white matter load, and behavioral dysfunction in VaD requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare behavioral dysfunction in large vessel and small vessel VaD subtypes.
  • To investigate the association between executive dysfunction and behavioral dysfunction in VaD.
  • To examine the relationship between white matter load in small vessel disease (SVD) and behavioral dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 76 patients with a modified Hachinski Ischemic Scale score ≥ 4.
  • Categorized patients into small vessel and large vessel VaD groups.
  • Utilized the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR) for symptom and severity assessment.

Main Results:

  • Behavioral and Psychological Symptoms of Dementia (BPSD) were observed in 66.67% of SVD-VaD and 53.57% of large vessel VaD patients.
  • Apathy, euphoria, and disinhibition were more prevalent in SVD-VaD, while appetite alterations were more common in large vessel VaD.
  • Behavioral dysfunction correlated with executive dysfunction in both VaD subtypes and with white matter load in SVD-VaD.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct VaD subtypes demonstrate unique behavioral symptom profiles.
  • Understanding these differences can elucidate underlying pathophysiology.
  • This knowledge may improve the diagnosis and management of vascular dementia.