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Updated: Oct 27, 2025

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Interplay between hypoxia and inflammation contributes to the progression and severity of respiratory viral diseases
Sulagna Bhattacharya1, Sakshi Agarwal2, Nishith M Shrimali2
1Regional Centre for Biotechnology, National Capital Region Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India; School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Orissa, India.
Abstract:
History of pandemics is dominated by viral infections and specifically respiratory viral diseases like influenza and COVID-19. Lower respiratory tract infection is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide. Crosstalk between resultant inflammation and hypoxic microenvironment may impair ventilatory response of lungs. This reduces arterial partial pressure of oxygen, termed as hypoxemia, which is observed in a section of patients with respiratory virus infections including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19). In this review, we describe the interplay between inflammation and hypoxic microenvironment in respiratory viral infection and its contribution to disease pathogenesis.
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