Mutagenicities of the pyrolyzates of peptides and proteins

Pyrolyzates of 10 peptides, 10 proteins and 5 naturally-occurring materials were tested for mutagenicity in the histidine-requiring mutants Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. Significant mutagenic activity was detected with pyrolyzates of most of these materials. The pyrolyzates requred a liver microsomal fraction, as representative of mammalian metabolism, for their detection as mutagens. Among the pyrolyzates tested, the highest mutagenic activity was observed with that of a tryptophan-containing peptide. The pyrolyzate of protein obtained from tobacco leaf also showed mutagenicity. The higher the protein content in the leaf the higher the mutagenic activity of the pyrolyzate. Protein in a tobacco leaf may be the principal precursor of mutagens in tobacco-smoke condensate.