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Related Concept Videos

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Types Of Superconductors

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A superconductor is a substance that offers zero resistance to the electric current when it drops below a critical temperature. Zero resistance is not the only interesting phenomenon as materials reach their transition temperatures. A second effect is the exclusion of magnetic fields. This is known as the Meissner effect. A light, permanent magnet placed over a superconducting sample will levitate in a stable position above the superconductor. High-speed trains that levitate on strong...
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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
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Superconductor

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A substance that reaches superconductivity, a state in which magnetic fields cannot penetrate, and there is no electrical resistance, is referred to as a superconductor. In 1911, Heike Kamerlingh Onnes of Leiden University, a Dutch physicist, observed a relation between the temperature and the resistance of the element mercury. The mercury sample was then cooled in liquid helium to study the linear dependence of resistance on temperature. It was observed that, as the temperature decreased, the...
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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Theory of Metallic Conduction

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The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
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Electric-field Control of Electronic States in WS2 Nanodevices by Electrolyte Gating
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A two-dimensional type I superionic conductor.

Alexander J E Rettie1,2, Jingxuan Ding3, Xiuquan Zhou4

  • 1Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. a.rettie@ucl.ac.uk.

Nature Materials
|July 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers discovered a novel two-dimensional type I superionic conductor, α-KAg₃Se₂, extending the known classes of these materials. This finding facilitates the design of advanced materials for energy storage and conversion with tunable properties.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry
  • Condensed Matter Physics

Background:

  • Superionic conductors exhibit liquid-like ion diffusion in solids, crucial for energy storage and thermoelectric applications.
  • Type I superionic conductors, characterized by a first-order transition, have historically been limited to 3D crystal structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize a new class of two-dimensional (2D) type I superionic conductors.
  • To investigate the ionic diffusion mechanisms and structural properties of the novel material.
  • To explore methods for tuning the phase transition temperature of superionic conductors.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized scattering techniques, including quasi-elastic neutron scattering (QENS).
  • Employed ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations for theoretical analysis.
  • Validated simulated structures using experimental X-ray powder pair-distribution-function (XRPD-PDF) analysis.

Main Results:

  • Discovered and confirmed α-KAg₃Se₂ as a two-dimensional type I superionic conductor.
  • Demonstrated that Ag⁺ ions are confined to subnanometre sheets within the 2D structure.
  • Showed that chemical substitution of alkali metal ions can control the superionic phase transition temperature.

Conclusions:

  • The discovery of 2D type I superionic conductors expands the known family of these materials.
  • α-KAg₃Se₂ offers a platform for designing materials with tailored ionic conductivity and phase transition temperatures.
  • This research paves the way for new applications in energy storage and conversion devices.