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Mitochondrial Replacement Techniques, the Non-Identity Problem, and Genetic Parenthood.

William Simkulet1

  • 1Park University, Parkville, MO USA.

Asian Bioethics Review
|July 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) can help prevent genetic diseases. However, using MRTs solely for genetic relatedness, despite medical risks, is ethically questionable and outside the medical profession's scope.

Keywords:
Genetic relatednessMitochondrial replacementNon-identity problemParallel casesReproductive freedom

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Area of Science:

  • Bioethics
  • Reproductive Technologies
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mitochondrial replacement techniques (MRTs) aim to prevent mitochondrial diseases.
  • Recent arguments propose using MRTs for genetic relatedness, including for same-sex couples and polygamous triads.
  • This raises ethical considerations regarding medical risks and the non-identity problem.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review existing solutions to the non-identity problem in the context of MRTs.
  • To propose a novel solution to the non-identity problem.
  • To argue that using MRTs for genetic relatedness alone is ethically problematic and outside medical practice.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of non-identity problem solutions.
  • Philosophical argumentation regarding MRTs and harm.
  • Ethical analysis of medical risks versus perceived benefits.

Main Results:

  • Existing solutions to the non-identity problem are analyzed.
  • A new solution to the non-identity problem is proposed.
  • The argument is made that pursuing genetic relatedness via MRTs carries medical risks without medical benefit.

Conclusions:

  • The use of MRTs for genetic relatedness alone is ethically distinct from their use for disease prevention.
  • Such use falls outside the scope of the medical profession due to inherent medical risks and lack of therapeutic benefit.
  • Ethical frameworks must carefully consider the implications of reproductive technologies beyond disease prevention.