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Intrinsic Cortico-Subcortical Functional Connectivity in Developmental Dyslexia and Developmental Coordination

Fabien Cignetti1, Federico Nemmi2, Marianne Vaugoyeau3,4

  • 1University of Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, TIMC-IMAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France.

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|July 23, 2021
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Summary

Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) involves impaired cortico-cerebellar and cortico-striatal circuits, particularly impacting motor and parietal regions. Developmental dyslexia (DD) did not show these specific circuit abnormalities in children.

Keywords:
cortico-subcortical networksdevelopmental coordination disorderdevelopmental dyslexiamachine learningresting-state fMRI

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

  • Developmental dyslexia (DD) and developmental coordination disorder (DCD) are distinct but often co-occurring conditions.
  • A neural network framework suggests shared or distinct cortico-subcortical pathway impairments may underlie DD and DCD.
  • Understanding these neural underpinnings is crucial for differentiating and potentially treating these disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intrinsic cortico-striatal and cortico-cerebellar functional connectivity in children with typical development, DD, and/or DCD.
  • To identify specific neural circuits associated with DCD and DD using resting-state fMRI.
  • To test the hypothesis that distinct or intertwined cortico-subcortical pathways differentiate DD and DCD.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study utilizing resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 136 children aged 8-12 years.
  • Delineation of key cortico-subcortical functional circuits (e.g., visual, somatomotor, attention, control, default-mode).
  • Application of general linear and multiple kernel models to analyze functional connectivity differences between groups.

Main Results:

  • Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) was associated with significant abnormalities in somatomotor cortico-cerebellar and frontoparietal cortico-striatal circuits.
  • Specific findings included altered cortico-cerebellar connections to motor regions and cortico-striatal connections to the posterior parietal cortex in DCD.
  • Developmental dyslexia (DD) alone did not show these specific circuit-based functional connectivity impairments.

Conclusions:

  • Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) appears to be characterized by impairments in specific cortico-subcortical functional circuits.
  • Developmental dyslexia (DD) may involve different or more subtle neural network differences not captured by the examined circuits.
  • These findings support a circuit-based understanding of DCD, differentiating it from DD based on neural connectivity patterns.