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Risk factors associated with pinkeye in Australian cattle.

Mac Kneipp1, Alexandra C Green1, Merran Govendir1

  • 1Sydney School of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, Camden, NSW, Australia.

Preventive Veterinary Medicine
|July 23, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Bovine pinkeye, a significant cattle disease, is influenced by multiple farm factors. Key risks include farm location, grazing area, dust, flies, rainfall, zebu content, and cattle age, impacting Australian cattle health.

Keywords:
AustraliaBovine keratoconjunctivitisCattleEpidemiologyEyeMoraxellaPinkeye

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Ophthalmology
  • Animal Husbandry
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Bovine pinkeye is a major global cattle disease, causing significant welfare and economic losses in Australia.
  • Disease severity and susceptibility vary, indicating multifactorial causes.
  • Identifying on-farm risk factors is crucial for effective disease control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify specific on-farm risk factors associated with bovine pinkeye prevalence in Australian cattle.
  • To analyze the relationship between environmental and host factors and disease occurrence.

Main Methods:

  • A custom online questionnaire collected data from 999 Australian cattle farmers.
  • Descriptive statistics, univariable, and multivariable logistic regression were used for analysis.
  • Twenty-six explanatory variables were evaluated for their association with pinkeye within-herd prevalence.

Main Results:

  • Farm location (southern Australia), smaller grazing areas, and cattle age (≤ 2 years) were linked to higher pinkeye prevalence.
  • High fly levels and low rainfall were associated with increased disease occurrence.
  • High dust levels correlated with more pinkeye, while moderate dust showed a protective effect compared to low dust levels.

Conclusions:

  • Bovine pinkeye is confirmed as a multifactorial disease influenced by various host and environmental factors.
  • Findings provide a basis for targeted control strategies to improve pinkeye outcomes in Australian cattle.
  • Understanding these risk factors is essential for mitigating the impact of pinkeye on the cattle industry.