Detection of postvaccination mumps virus antibody by neutralization test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and sensitive hemagglutination inhibition test
Related Experiment Videos
D Fedová1, M Brůcková, V Plesník
1Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Prague, Czechoslovakia.
Insights
This study compared mumps virus vaccine effectiveness in children using three antibody tests. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enhanced hemagglutination inhibition (E-HIT) showed higher seroconversion rates than neutralization tests (NT).
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Pediatrics
Background:
- Mumps virus vaccine efficacy is crucial for preventing mumps outbreaks.
- Assessing vaccine-induced immune responses requires reliable antibody detection methods.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the seroconversion rates of a live attenuated mumps virus vaccine (PAVIVAC) in children aged 2-3 years.
- To compare the performance of neutralization test (NT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and enhanced hemagglutination inhibition test (E-HIT) in detecting vaccine-induced antibodies.
Main Methods:
- 251 children aged 2-3 years received the PAVIVAC mumps vaccine.
- Pre- and post-vaccination sera were analyzed using NT, ELISA, and E-HIT.
- Seroconversion rates were assessed in 159 susceptible individuals.
Main Results:
- ELISA (82.4%) and E-HIT (86.8%) demonstrated higher seroconversion rates compared to NT (74.2%).
- ELISA showed a statistically significant higher antibody detection rate than NT.
- Post-vaccination antibody levels were considerably lower than those in children naturally infected with mumps.
Conclusions:
- ELISA and E-HIT are more sensitive than NT for detecting immune responses to the mumps vaccine.
- The mumps vaccine elicits a detectable immune response, though antibody levels may be lower than natural infection.
Abstract:
A group of 251 children aged 2-3 years given live attenuated mumps virus vaccine PAVIVAC of Czechoslovak production were tested for antiparotitis antibody levels in pre- and postvaccination sera by neutralization test (NT), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and sensitive hemagglutination inhibition test, enhanced by heterologous antibody to human immunoglobulin G (E-HIT). The prevaccination findings were as follows: positive ELISA IgG titres, neutralization antibodies and hemagglutination inhibition antibodies were present in, respectively, 35%, 25.9% and 27.9% of the sera. Postvaccination seroconversions were evaluated in 159 susceptible vaccinees whose prevaccination sera had been negative by all three tests. The lowest seroconversion was detected by NT (74.2%), seroconversions by ELISA and E-HIT were appreciably higher (82.4% and 86.8%, respectively). The seven children showing a seroconversion by E-HIT but not by ELISA had a 4 fold increase of anti-mumps ELISA IgG antibodies as well, but the rise of antibody titres was at a level falling in the range below the positivity criterion for ELISA. The statistically evaluated detection rate for antibodies was significantly higher (significance test "t") by ELISA as compared with neutralization test. However, antibody levels (geometric mean titres) were 8-10 times lower in postvaccination sera than in convalescent sera of 30 children with mumps in all three tests.