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The Glymphatic System (En)during Inflammation.

Frida Lind-Holm Mogensen1, Christine Delle1, Maiken Nedergaard1,2

  • 1Center for Translational Neuromedicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|July 24, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The brain's glymphatic system clears waste and exchanges fluids, but neurological diseases impair its function. This review explores its role in neuroinflammation and potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords:
AQP4CSFISFastrocytesglia limitansglymphatic systemimmune privilegeimmune surveillanceinflammationocular glymphatic system

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Fluid dynamics

Background:

  • The glymphatic system facilitates cerebrospinal fluid and interstitial fluid exchange, clearing metabolic waste from the brain.
  • Astrocytic endfeet and aquaporin-4 channels are crucial for fluid transport between perivascular spaces and the neuropil.
  • Meningeal and cervical lymphatic vessels are involved in returning fluids to the vascular compartment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the glymphatic system's role in neuroinflammation.
  • To discuss how the glymphatic system challenges the concept of the central nervous system (CNS) as an immune-privileged site.
  • To explore potential therapeutic strategies targeting the glymphatic system for neuroinflammation.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on glymphatic system function and neurological diseases.
  • Analysis of the glymphatic system's interaction with meningeal lymphatic vessels.
  • Discussion of emerging therapeutic approaches.

Main Results:

  • Neurological diseases are shown to impair glymphatic fluid transport.
  • The glymphatic system's function is closely linked to neuroinflammation.
  • The association with meningeal lymphatics necessitates re-evaluating CNS immune privilege.

Conclusions:

  • The glymphatic system's role in waste clearance and fluid exchange is vital for brain health.
  • Impaired glymphatic function contributes to neuroinflammation, challenging CNS immune privilege.
  • Targeting the glymphatic system offers potential therapeutic avenues for neuroinflammatory conditions.