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Drug Discovery Targeting Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) as a Promising Cancer Therapy
Xiao-Jing Pang1, Xiu-Juan Liu1, Yuan Liu1
1Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies (Ministry of Education), Institute of Drug Discovery & Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Abstract:
FAK is a nonreceptor intracellular tyrosine kinase which plays an important biological function. Many studies have found that FAK is overexpressed in many human cancer cell lines, which promotes tumor cell growth by controlling cell adhesion, migration, proliferation, and survival. Therefore, targeting FAK is considered to be a promising cancer therapy with small molecules. Many FAK inhibitors have been reported as anticancer agents with various mechanisms. Currently, six FAK inhibitors, including GSK-2256098 (Phase I), VS-6063 (Phase II), CEP-37440 (Phase I), VS-6062 (Phase I), VS-4718 (Phase I), and BI-853520 (Phase I) are undergoing clinical trials in different phases. Up to now, there have been many novel FAK inhibitors with anticancer activity reported by different research groups. In addition, FAK degraders have been successfully developed through "proteolysis targeting chimera" (PROTAC) technology, opening up a new way for FAK-targeted therapy. In this paper, the structure and biological function of FAK are reviewed, and we summarize the design, chemical types, and activity of FAK inhibitors according to the development of FAK drugs, which provided the reference for the discovery of new anticancer agents.
Insights
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a key target in cancer therapy. This review summarizes FAK inhibitors and degraders, including those in clinical trials, offering insights for developing new anticancer agents.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Drug Discovery
Background:
- Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase crucial for cell functions.
- FAK overexpression is linked to enhanced tumor growth, migration, and survival in various cancers.
- Targeting FAK with small molecules represents a promising therapeutic strategy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the structure and biological function of FAK.
- To summarize the design, chemical types, and activity of FAK inhibitors.
- To provide a reference for the discovery of novel anticancer agents targeting FAK.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of FAK inhibitors and degraders.
- Analysis of FAK inhibitors currently in clinical trials (e.g., GSK-2256098, VS-6063).
- Exploration of FAK degraders developed using proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTAC) technology.
Main Results:
- FAK inhibitors have demonstrated anticancer activity through various mechanisms.
- Six FAK inhibitors are currently in clinical trials, indicating significant therapeutic potential.
- FAK degraders offer a novel approach to FAK-targeted cancer therapy.
Conclusions:
- FAK plays a critical role in cancer progression, making it a viable therapeutic target.
- The development of FAK inhibitors and degraders is advancing cancer treatment strategies.
- This review consolidates current knowledge on FAK-targeted therapies for future drug discovery.
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